A study analysing the distribution and determinants of diabetic macular edema in a tertiary care centre

• Author Details:   
• Priethikka Mohanarangam Selvakumaar ^*
• Deepthi Solasa
• Subha L
• Chandrasekaran B
• Vikram Chellakumar
• Balakrishnan M

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Diabetic maculopathy is a significant cause of vision impairment in Diabetic retinopathy. This study aims to explore the relationship between the type of diabetic macular edema (DME) as determined by Optical coherence tomography (OCT) and various factors including age, gender, diabetic profile (fasting blood sugar, postprandial blood sugar, and glycated hemoglobin), and the duration of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Conducted at a tertiary health care center for a period of one year, the study evaluated 95 patients diagnosed with diabetic maculopathy. A comprehensive assessment was performed, including detailed patient history, best corrected visual acuity measurements, intraocular pressure evaluation, and fundus examinations. OCT was utilized to classify the types of DME, focusing on the correlation with demographic and clinical parameters. The findings indicated a higher prevalence of DME among males and a predominant age group of 61-70 years. The study established a significant association between the duration of diabetes and the mixed type of DME, while no significant correlation was found between glycemic control and the type of DME. Additionally, severe non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy was more frequently observed in conjunction with DME. Overall, the study highlights the importance of demographic and clinical factors in understanding the variations in DME types, emphasizing the need for tailored management strategies in diabetic patients to mitigate the risk of vision loss.

Keywords: Diabetes mellitus, Diabetic macular edema, Optical coherence tomography, Diabetic Retinopathy, Retinal pigment epithelium.