Study to compare anterior chamber angle parameters between diabetics and non-diabetics using Anterior Segment Optical Coherence Tomography

• Saswati Sen,*  
• Ridhima Pokharna,  
• Matuli Das,  
• Harshitha Paruchuri

Abstract

Aim- To correlate anterior chamber angle parameters with severity and duration of diabetes in diabetic patients and compare with non-diabetics. Methods- Prospective cross-sectional study with 200 subjects each in diabetic and non-diabetic group. Comprehensive ocular examination was done. RBS at the time of examination was noted and AS-OCT examination was performed for all. The parameters were central corneal thickness (CCT), angle opening distance at 500µ (AOD500), and750µ (AOD750), trabecular iris space area at 500µ(TISA500) and 750µ(TISA750), scleral spur area (SSA),lens vault (LV), angle (in °),anterior chamber depth (ACD) and angle to angle distance (mm). Data was recorded and appropriate analysis was done. p-value of <0.05 was considered significant. Results- Males were more than females. Mean age for diabetic group was 49.07 years in diabetics and 37.34 years in non-diabetics. CCT values increased with increase in blood sugar and duration of diabetes. Except SSA continuous decrease in median values were seen for all angle parameters with an increase in blood sugar, duration and severity of diabetes. But overall change in the value of angle parameters was statistically significant between the groups. Gonioscopy findings confirmed that anterior chamber was shallower in patients with longer duration of diabetes and higher grades of retinopathy. Conclusion- Diabetes mellitus and its association with glaucoma has been studied mostly for open angle glaucoma. The findings of the present study confirms that diabetics are at high risk of angle closure and it is associated with the duration, severity and control of diabetes Hence, early detection by gonioscopy and AS-OCT may aid in better management.

Keywords

angle closure, diabetes, gonioscopy, ocular coherence tomography, retinopathy